Line 15, Edmund Scarborough; Father of Genius and Trouble

Edmund Scarborough was the son of Henry Scarburgh (Scarborough), Gentleman of North Walsham, county Norfolk in England, and his wife Elizabeth possibly a Humberstone. There has been some debate over whether Edmund’s mother was named Mary or Elizabeth, but the latest evidence points to Elizabeth being his mother. There were two Henry Scarboroughs in North Walsham at the time, one married to a Mary and another to Elizabeth. The local church of North Walsham still displays a monument to him. He and his brothers were granted arms and crest in 1614. That must have given young Edmund a boost up in society. Edmund was well educated and when he settled in the colony of Virginia sometime in the early 1620s he distingued himself. He was Commissioner of Accomac County, Va., a member of the Board of Justices, 1632, and of the House of Burgesses from 1628 to 1630. He brought all but his son, Charles with him to Virginia. Young Charles stayed behind to attend college at Caius College. He was a brilliant and influential mathemation until Cromwell became Lord Protector of England and his political party reorganized Cambridge where he worked. At that time he went to Oxford to study medicine and in 1648 he was admitted to the Royal College of Physicians. He later became physician to four English Monarchs, Charles II, James II and William and Mary. Charles became Sir Charles in 1669 when he was knighted and became a member of Parliament. He died in 1693 and was buried in Cranford, Middlesex, England.

The elder Edmund Scarborough died in Virginia in early 1635, having lived in the colony was about ten years. However he proved to be an influential man there, serving as Commissioner of Accomack County, in the House of Burgesses from 1628 until 1630 and on the Board of Justices in 1632.

Edmund’s role in the church in Virginia is not known. However, my guess, based on what he know of his sons, is that he was a firm member of the Church of England, if not a devote member. His son, Charles, seemed to go in the direction of whatever the politics brought his way but leaning toward the Church of England. His leanings were toward survival, serving as court physician to two Catholic Kings and a Protestant King and Queen, as well as surviving the change Puritan Common Wealth under Cromwell. Son Edmund Jr. thought was different story, as we will see.

***SOURCES***

1. http://www.esva.net/ghotes/scarb "Descendants of Edmund Scarborough" from Cynthia McDaniel, Ghote

2. http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~genea/westant.htm "Anthony West, James city, Virginia" from Adventurers of Purse and Person, Virginia 1607-1625

3. Ancestral Records and Portraits, Vol. I (found on Cynthia McDaniel's site]

5. Cavaliers and Pioneers by Nugent Vol. I

6. Southern Kith and Kin By Jewell Davis Scarborough

7. Edmund Scarborough bp. 1584 & William Scarborough of Bacon's Rebellion Posted by: Vickie Elam White, 2008 "Scarborough Family Genealogy Forum"    http://genforum.genealogy.com/scarbourgh/messages2240.htlm

8. Edmund Scarborough bp. 1584 & William Scarborough of Bacon's Rebellion posted by Cynthia McDaniel Ghote on "Scarborough Family Genealogy Forum"

Line 14.1, Elizabeth Talbott Preston Lawrence Galloway, The Daughter of Friends

Elizabeth was the product of a Quaker father and a mother raised in the Puritan belief system. Elizabeth was also a product of a colony fractured and formed by its multitude of Christian sects. Founded as an oasis for the English Catholics persecuted under the Tutor and then early Stuart reigns, Maryland became a haven for many persecuted Christian sects from England and France. Elizabeth was raised with parents from two such sects.

Elizabeth Talbot was born about 1625 in England.

Married 1. James Preston, 2. Lawrence, son of Lawrence and 3. Richard Galloway on 10 December 1686 at the West River Meeting House in Anne Ardunel Co., MD

The children of James Preston and Elizabeth Talbott were:

      1. Rebecca Preston

The children of Benjamin Lawrence and Elizabeth Talbott were:

2.      Benjamin Lawrence born 13 May 1677, married Rachel Moriarte. He died 29 December 1719 in Baltimore, Maryland

3.      Elizabeth Lawrence born 25 February 1678/79. She married John Gassaway. She died 09 December 1700 in Anne Arundel County, Maryland

4.      Lucy Lawrence born 1680 in West River, Anne Arundel Co. Maryland. She married John Belt.

The children of

5.      Elizabeth Galloway

6.      Richard Galloway married Sophia Richardson

Died 05 March 1690/91; her body was probably reburied on 15 January 1701/02 in All Hallow Parish, Anne Arundel Co., MD

Since wives in the Seventeenth Century usually followed their husband’s religious beliefs, Elizabeth Talbot was more then likely raised as a Quaker. I tried to find church information on her three husbands. I wasn’t able find any on James Preston, but Benjamin Lawrence was most likely a Quaker as was her third husband, Richard Galloway who after died was buried in Friends Burying Ground, West River, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland. We can pretty much figure that Elizabeth remained a Quaker throughout her life. Richard and Elizabeth were married at the West River Meeting House, which could very well have been a Quaker “Meeting House.”

Elizabeth married three times. Her first husband was James Preston, the son of Richard Preston. His father's will states that if he return from England alive he was to inherit Barren Island and sole use of the dwelling plantation on the “patzxent” until his nephew, Samuel Preston came of age. James never returned to England. He died in 1673/4, leaving his “estate, real and person” to his wife and young daughter, Rebecca. We don’t know what happened to Rebecca as this is the last known record for her. She probably died young.

The widow Preston married as her second husband Benjamin Lawrence. Benjamin Lawrence was the son of another Benjamin Lawrence, who had come as a young man to Virginia in the 1660s. He was given land in Maryland “for transporting himself” and his family (consisting of his wife, Ann Lawrence, and sons Benjamin Lawrence and Nehemiah) to that colony. By his death in 1685, Benjamin Lawrence was land wealthy and left a good inheritance to his wife and children. I have no proof that Benjamin was a Quaker, but unless Elizabeth took up the faith again after his death, it is a good bet that he at some point of his life became a Quaker as well.

Elizabeth’s third husband continued the Southern Quaker link in the family, which as mentioned makes me believe that Elizabeth was a Friend her whole life. She and Richard Galloway had two children, a daughter named Elizabeth and a son named Richard who was also a Quaker. Interestingly enough, Richard Galloway  house remains standing and is listed on National Register Listings in Maryland. A picture and details about the house can be found on the National Register’s web-site. Elizabeth probably never lived in the house as it was completed in the year she died. It is also interesting to note that Elizabeth was reburied almost eleven years after her death in All Hallow Parish, Anne Arundel County.  The reason behind this change of burial place is unknown. She more then likely had been buried beside or near her third husband and daughter in the Quaker burial place first and moved to the All Hallow Parish cemetery eleven years later. After her daughter, Elizabeth Lawrence died and was buried at All Hallow Parish, the family may have felt the elder Elizabeth needed to be closer to her daughter in death.

***SOURCES***

1.  http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Oracle/8058/lawrence.htm "Descendants of Benjamin Lawrence and Ann Ascomb}

2.  http://www.rootsweb.com/~mdannear/firstfam/ "Talbot"

3. "Early Families of Southern Maryland, Vol. 2" The Lawrence Family

4.  Anne Arundel Gentry, Vol. 1, Gassaway Family

5.  Early Families of Southern Maryland, Vol. 3, "Galloway"

6.   http://thecityobserver.org/scarborough/index-scar.htm "Scarborough - Ewen - Richardson - Carroll - Current - Petticoat" by P L Chadwick

Line 14 Richard Talbot; Southern Friends

The Quakers didn’t just touch New England with their theology; they also went south to Virginia and then to Maryland. Richard Talbot and his Lawrence relatives practiced the Quaker faith in Maryland.

Richard Talbot was born about 1625 in England.

Married Elizabeth Ewen, daughter of Richard EWEN and Sophia EWELL (see line 7)

1.      Elizabeth Talbott born 10 August 1656 in West River, Anne Arundel Co. MD

2.      Edward Talbott born 06 November 1658 in West River, Anne Arundel Co. MD

3.      John Talbott born 10 December 1664 in West River, Anne Arundel Co. MD

4.      Richard Talbott born 05 January 1668/69 in West River, Anne Arundel Co. MD

Died 15 July 1699 Poplar Knowle, Anne Arundel co., MD

Richard Talbott was born about 1625 in England. He may have immigrated to Virginia first but by 1649 was in the Maryland colony and had set up household at West River in Anne Arundel County. In December of 1656 he bough a plantation on the West River in Anne Arundel Country called Poplar Knowle, which became his home. In 1659 Richard Talbott was assigned land from his father-in-law, the puritan Richard Ewen. This was at a time when the Puritans in Massachusetts were percecuting the Quakers. Mary Dyer the Quaker Martyr would be hanged in Boston in 1660. The religiously fractured Maryland, although full of it’s own religious battles, had at least in one family who found peace with the marriage of Quaker Richard Talbot to Puritan Elizabeth Ewen.

The  Amistead Family History reports  that Richard  was the son of Sir Robert Talbott, the 2nd Baron of Carlton Co. in Kildare and Grace Calvert daughter of Sir George Calvert, 1st Baron of Baltimore. They claim he was next in line to become Earl of Shrewsbury but because he was a Loyalist and sided with King Charles I, Cromwell had his estates confiscated. Richard, invited to Maryland by Governor Stone, left England. Other Talbotts who came at the same time were Sir William Talbott and Colornel George Talbot, both of whom were related to Lord Baltimore for whom the city of Baltimore is named. Richard first received land in 1649 from the proprietary government. It was a tract called “Timber Neck. How true this account of Richard’s ancestry is, I have not been able to determine. TheAmisteads certainly favored the story and many of the young men and families who came to Maryland were Loyalist fleeing for their lives.

Richard Talbot may have become a Quaker after his marriage to Elizabeth Ewen, although it is possible that he was introduced to the faith by the Quaker missionary Elizabeth Harris who was preaching in Maryland by 1655. Six years before, the “Toleration Act”, more formally known as An Act Concerning Religion, was enacted by Lord Baltimore who was trying to protect the Catholic population for which the colony of Maryland was founded. The Catholics were quickly becoming a minority in their own home. The Quakers benefited from this Act, as well as other Christian religious outside the Anglican Church. Quakers moved from Virginia into Maryland, where there was still discrimination again them, but where they at least had some freedom to practice their beliefs.

    Richard Talbot’s will was signed 2 April 1663 in West River, Anne Arundel Co., Maryland. He willed "Poplar Knawle." to his son Richard and sons Edward and John were joint heirs to "Talbotts Ridge" His daughter, Elizabeth, however was given non-land gifts. Richard died a man rich in land and family and, I hope, in his faith.

***SOURCES***

1.  http://www.rootsweb.com/~mdannear/firstfam/ "Talbot"

2. Ancestry.com "Our Research" by Alice Ament Davidson Gedge

3. http://www.tcarden.com/tree/ensor/Talbot.htm "Talbot"

4. Anne Arundel Gentry, Vol. 1, Gassaway Family

5. http://genealogy.Iv/MDBios/anne_arundel.htm "Richard Talbott / Sir Robert ? Calverts;